Middle+Ages



**500AD - 1500AD** **By: Austen Tyryfter, Nathan Kapaun**

__**Overview**__

All throughout the middle ages there was a lot of war like the crusades, there was a lot of corruption in the churches, and there was deadly diseases. The middle ages were also a very sad and depressing time. The Crusades were a time of war for the churches and religion of the Muslims and Roman Catholic Empire. Among the wars and corruption came the Black Death with was a deadly disease that killed many people. The Crusades were a very important and sad time for the churches. A few reasons that it was an important time was that they were sending soldiers out to the Holy Land to fight the Muslims for it. A few sad times were the peoples crusades or the children's crusades, when peasants and children were killed or enslaved because they were untrained. Along with the crusades came corruption, a few examples included when the church would say that if you gave a large donation you would be exempt form sin. Plus anyone who fought in the Crusades and made it back would have no more taxes to pay for the rest of their life. Along with the crusades and corruption came the Black Death. The Black Death was a deadly diseases that killed many people throughout the Middle Ages. The first Crusade was when the Europeans went to the Holy Land and successfully captured it. The Second Crusade which was controlled by King Lois the VII and Emperor Conrad the III. It was a failure, because the troops from the First Crusade could not hold back the Muslim forces under the control of Saladin in time for the rest of the troops to arrive and hold the land. Emperor Frederick Barbarossa of Germany, Richard I of England, and Philip II Augustus, King of France decided to lead the third crusade. Fredrick drowned in a river along the way causes early problems. The two leaders captured coastal cities with their fleet but couldn't advance. So in the end Richard made a deal with Saladin that let Christian pilgrims were gained free access to Jerusalem.

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__ **Terms** __


 * Wergild: "Money for a man", the value of a person in money, depending on social status, in Germanic society, a fine paid by a wrong doer to the family of the person he or she has injured or killed.
 * Pope: Bishops who came to be known as popes (from the Latin word papa, father) of the catholic church, they have great influence on the world.
 * Magyars: A people form western Asia, moved into central Europe at the end of the 9Th century. They settled on plains in Hungary, and invaded western Europe.
 * Vassal: A man who served a lord in the military capacity was known as a vassal, this was a group of upperclassmen.
 * Fief: The grant of land made to a vassal, vassals held all political authority in them and held all physical authority in them.

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__ **Famous People** __


 * 1) __Charlemagne__- He was the probably the most powerful man at this time. He conqured most of europe and was crowned "Holy Roman Emperor", his rein lasted from 768 AD to 814AD.
 * 2) __Charles Martel__- He was nicknamed "the Hammer". He led some soldiers to defend Europe from the muslim evasion, and he won. Without him or with him loosing that battle who knows a lot of things would be different now.
 * 3) __Joan of Arc__- She was just a simple peasant girl when an angel came to her wanting her to fight and defend her country. Some people thought she was crazy just because she was a girl.
 * 4) __Marco Polo__- He was an explorer who went to China. Without him people would have never really have recognized what China was doing and all of there silk making.
 * 5) __Philip IV__- He set up the National Assembly or Congress. Without him we would probably never would have had a congress and our nation would be a lot different today.

__**Historical Quote**__ "To no man will we sell, or deny, or delay, right or justice." //Magna Carta//

__**Time Line**__

**700 AD -** Vikings Age begins and lasts until 1,100 AD. **732 AD -** The Battle of Tours  **768 - 814 AD -** The “Holy Barbarian” or Charles the Great becomes king. **843 AD -** The Treaty of Verdun is formed; the treaty divided Charlemagne’s Empire into 3 Kingdoms. **983 AD -** Erik the Red discovers Greenland.**1,096 AD -** First Crusade begins  **1,144 AD -** Second Crusade begins   **1,187 AD -** Jerusalem fell to Muslims   **1,189 AD -** Thirst Crusade begins   **1,189 AD -** William Marshal becomes greatest Knight of all time. **1,200’s AD -** The Medieval church’s power peaks and the Christian Church dominates Europe. **1,204 AD -** Fourth crusade Begins  **1,212 AD -** Children’s Crusade begins   **1,215 AD -** One of the most important documents in history the Magna Carta is written. **1,232 AD -** Inquisitions or torture and execution of Heretics begins. **1,337 AD -** The hundred years ware began between France and England. **1,347 AD -** The Bubonic Plague or “Black Death” begins. **1,453 AD -** The French win the Hundred Year war.

__**Links:**__ __**[|History]**__: This site has plenty of information on the Middle Ages history, it is laid out very nicely and has quick and easy access for different areas of history in the middle ages. __**[|Essential]**__: This site has essential information on the Middle Ages, this site is a little more difficult to navigate through but has plenty of great information. __**[|Detailed]**__ : This site has very detailed information on the Middle Ages. The information goes all the way to how the armors worked and how they were designed is on this site. If you are looking for very detailed information use this site. __**[|Life]:**__ This site includes detailed information of life during the Middle Ages. This site is fairly easy to navigate through and has a lot of great info. __**[|Periods]**__: This site has information on all the periods of the middle ages like early middle ages to late middle ages, it also includes information on the crusades and other time periods.